Explain With Neat Sketches Different Types of Highway Bridges

The factors which control alignment of roads in plain areas as under. Ogee Overflow Spillway 3.

Bridges Steelconstruction Info

When one or more of the crossing highways are taken at an elevation higher than the general ground level at which the others are constructed an over-bridge is needed for the ones at the higher level.

. In order to bring down the level of water table for roads running in flat country with low embankments the longitudinal sub-surface drains or pipe drains are placed below the surface of the ground in the permeable saturated stratum The pipe drains may be of vitrified clay with open joints butting against each other or they may be perforated at. Sub-types include the simple suspension bridge the stressed ribbon bridge the underspanned suspension bridge the suspended-deck suspension bridge and the self-anchored suspension bridge. Lets take a few moments to look at the four types of bridge abutments.

Tunnel is an artificially constructed underground passage to by- pass obstacles safely without disturbing the over burden. The bridge piers can be constructed to be substantially attractive and strong in order to withstand both vertical and horizontal loads. State the functions of bridge bearing and also State the types of bridge bearings with neat sketches.

The alignment of the road may be decided keeping in mind the class and purpose of the road. The selected alignment of the road should meet the public demand. The 7 basic cross sectional elements of a highway pavement are Camber Width of Carriage way Kerb Road Margin Width of Formation Right of Way ROW 1Camber Camber or.

Interchange is a system where traffic between two or more roadways flows at different levels in the grade separated junctions. Shaft or Morning Glory Spillway 6. Rectangular or Block Pattern a.

The whole area is divided into rectangular blocks. Chute Open Channel or Trough Spillway 5. 2-lane Bridge approaches Both side fill slope Plain and Rolling Terrain.

Single Bascule Bridge Double Bascule Bridge Movable swing bridges In swing bridges the girders and deck can be swung about its. In this article we explain different types of stone masonry with full details. Balasubramanian Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Science UNIVERSITY OF MYSORE MYSORE-6 2.

What are the types of Road Patterns. Grade separation may be achieved by the construction of an over-bridge or an under-bridge. Free Over-Fall Straight Drop Spillway 2.

Depending upon the width of channel the bascule bridge may either be single or double. According to length of bridge. Explain with neat sketches tower structure as well as wind cables and windguy.

There are 6 types of road patterns that are mostly used. The superstructure of the bridge structure consists of deck slab girder truss etc. Road-cum-rail or pipe line bridge.

Function of bridge bearing. 1 TUNNELS TYPES IMPORTANCE by Prof. Normally three type of towers are used in suspension bridge system.

Iii Methods to lower water tables. A bridge pier is a type of structure that extend to the ground below or into the water. The typical gravity abutment is the most common type of abutment and it includes the bridge.

Road Pattern also plays a vital role in the management of traffic but it is neglected by most countries. These components vary based on the type of bridge whether concrete or steel or composite. I Bridge Section 1- Two lane carriageway with footpath in Plain and Rolling Terrain ii Bridge Section 2-Two lane carriageway without footpath in Plain and Rolling Terrain iii Bridge Section 3-Two lane carriageway without footpath in Hill Terrain iv TCS-1.

Superstructure of the bridge bears the load passing over it. To maintain the comfortable and constant speed on Highways The radius of the horizontal curve should be less than 230m. Trumpet interchange is a popular form of three leg interchange.

To allow for longitudinal expansion or contraction due to changes in the temperature. Suspension bridges are often supported on towers. Superstructure Components of Bridges.

To distribute the load received over large area. Explain types of rubble masonry and ashler masonry. Cross Sectional Elements of A Pavement The characteristics of cross-sectional elements are important in highway geometric design because they influence the safety and comfort.

It is used to support bridge superstructure and transfer the loads to the foundation. Side Channel Spillway 4. This article throws light upon the eight most common types of spillways.

Therefore please read the article till the end. To avoid excessive cutting or filling the alignment should be economical. Tunnels types importance 1.

Common types of interchange include trumpet interchange diamond interchange and cloverleaf interchange. National highway and State highways between two stations should be aligned as straight as possible where as in the case of other types of roads deviation may be permitted. Selection of bridge site involves many factors and is finalized where the river path is the same throughout the year.

Also we explain important points for stone masonry surfacing of stone masonry joints of stone masonry appliance use for lifting a stone. Aqueduct bridgecanal over a river Viaductroad or railway over a valley or river Pedestrian bridge. In bascule bridges the main girders are lifted together with deck about the hinge provided on one end of the span.

To allow for angular movement at support due to deflection of girders. When they are taken at an elevation lower than the general ground level an under-bridge fulfills. This helps in transmitting the forces formed by the loads to the below.

If one of the legs of the interchange. Towers provide means for the cable to change the direction. To achieve this the alignment can be changed.

National and state highways between two stations should be aligned as straight as possible whereas in the case of other types of roads deviation may be permitted. Large curves on highways are not desirable. Culvert bridgeless than 6 m Minor bridgeless than 6 m-60m Major bridgemore than 60 m Long span bridgemore than 120 m According to function.

Cable-stayed bridges are similar to suspension bridges and also use cables but their form is different they have fewer cables and towers that hold cables are much higher.